Golf is often perceived as a leisurely sport, but anyone who has walked 18 holes or practiced their swing for hours knows it can be physically demanding. A round of golf typically involves walking 6–8 kilometers, standing for extended periods, and performing hundreds of swings. While these activities may not seem strenuous compared to high-impact sports, they place significant stress on the feet. Foot pain is one of the most common complaints among golfers, affecting both amateurs and professionals. Understanding the causes of foot pain in golfers requires examining biomechanics, common injuries, and external factors such as footwear and playing conditions.

1. Plantar Fasciitis

• Definition: Plantar fasciitis is inflammation of the plantar fascia, the thick band of tissue running along the sole of the foot.
• Golf Connection: The repetitive weight transfer during a golf swing and prolonged walking on uneven terrain can strain the fascia.
• Symptoms: Sharp heel pain, especially in the morning or after rest.
• Prevalence: One of the most frequent foot injuries in golfers.

2. Metatarsalgia

• Definition: Pain in the ball of the foot, often caused by excessive pressure on the metatarsal bones.
• Golf Connection: During the swing, the lead foot absorbs significant force as the golfer pivots. This repeated stress can irritate the forefoot.
• Symptoms: Burning or aching pain in the forefoot, worsened by walking long distances on the course.

3. Stress Fractures

• Definition: Small cracks in bones caused by repetitive stress rather than acute trauma.
• Golf Connection: Walking long distances and the impact of swinging can lead to stress fractures, particularly in the metatarsals.
• Symptoms: Localized pain that worsens with activity but improves with rest.
• Risk Factors: Poor footwear, hard playing surfaces, and overtraining.

4. Tendonitis

• Definition: Inflammation of tendons in the foot or ankle, such as the Achilles tendon or peroneal tendons.
• Golf Connection: The twisting motion of the swing places strain on tendons, especially when golfers lack flexibility or use improper technique.
• Symptoms: Swelling, tenderness, and pain during movement.
• Common Sites: Achilles tendon (rear foot) and peroneal tendons (outer foot).

5. Biomechanical Stress of the Golf Swing

• Weight Transfer: The golf swing requires shifting weight from the back foot to the front foot. This motion stresses different parts of each foot.
• Pivoting: The back foot pronates during follow-through, while the lead foot stabilizes against rotation. Over time, this can cause pain in the arches and heels.
• Repetition: Hundreds of swings during practice sessions amplify these stresse.

6. Footwear Issues

• Improper Shoes: Golf shoes lacking arch support or cushioning can exacerbate pain.
• Spikes vs. Spikeless: Traditional spiked shoes provide traction but may increase pressure points, while spikeless shoes may lack stability.
• Fit Problems: Shoes that are too tight or too loose can cause blisters, calluses, and misalignment of the foot.

7. Environmental and Lifestyle Factors

• Course Terrain: Walking on uneven ground, hills, and sand traps increases strain.
• Duration of Play: A full round can last 4–5 hours, meaning prolonged standing and walking.
• Age and Fitness: Older golfers or those with limited flexibility are more prone to foot pain.
• Pre-existing Conditions: Arthritis, flat feet, or diabetes can worsen golf-related foot problems .

8. Preventive Measures

• Stretching: Regular calf and plantar fascia stretches reduce tension.
• Footwear: Properly fitted shoes with orthotic inserts provide support.
• Rest and Recovery: Taking breaks between rounds prevents overuse injuries.
• Strengthening Exercises: Building foot and ankle strength improves resilience.
• Medical Care: Early intervention with podiatry or physiotherapy prevents chronic pain .

Foot pain in golfers is not simply a minor inconvenience—it can significantly affect performance, balance, and enjoyment of the game. The causes range from plantar fasciitis and metatarsalgia to stress fractures, tendonitis, and poor footwear choices. These conditions arise from the unique demands of golf: repetitive swings, long walks, and biomechanical stresses. By understanding these causes, golfers can take proactive steps to prevent injury, such as wearing supportive shoes, stretching regularly, and seeking medical advice when pain persists. Ultimately, protecting the feet is essential not only for comfort but also for maintaining a consistent and powerful golf swing.